畢業設計一CA6163普通車床數控化改造
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- 畢業設計-CA6163普通車床數控化改造摘要
現代數控機床是未來工廠自動化的基礎。舊機床數控化改造范圍大、潛力大、投資少、見效快，已經成為適合我國國情，促進制造業技術進步的重要手段。因此，數控系統改造車床的研究具有重要意義。
本文在敘述了數控技術的歷史、現狀和發展的基礎上，通過對舊機床的分析，結合機床改造的總體思想，提出了數控化改造的技術方案和新數控系統的選型配置方案;針對舊機床的要求，進行了傳動系統的重新設計，提高了傳動的精度，重新設計機床的控制邏輯，通過對伺服系統的分析，完成了機床各主要參數的優化和匹配。
本機床改造后將會展示出強大的功能、穩定的性能，將完全符合機床的技術規格和精度標準，加工出合格的零件，大大提高了車床的性能，是一次有益的嘗試。
關鍵詞：CA6163;機床;改造;數控系統。
Abstract
The modern Computer Numerical Control （CNC）machine is the foundation of the modern manufactory. The remaking of old machine for CNC is an efficient means to promote the progress of the manufactory, which is adapted to the circumstance for our country. Its range is wide, its cost is low and its period is short. Therefore, it is very important to study a remarking the lathe machine by using CNC system.
This paper introduces the history and the development of CNC system. Based on its theory, through the analysis about the components of the old machine, presents the remaking transmission system to raise the precision of the lathe。Presents the remaking schemes of the CNC system. According to the old machine, the detail design and adjustment of the electric system have been completed, including the design of hardware and control software：Have introduced the one-chip computer system briefly, and has designed the electric control circuit of the numerical control lathe with the one-chip computer；And also redesign the control logic of the machine, through analyzing of the servo system, the main parameters of the machine have been confirmed and optimized also.
Have discussed two kinds interpolation numerical control lathes with thematic part, and design the interpolation forms for the numerical control lathe.
The remarked machine will show its powerful ability and high reliability, it conforms to the technical regulation and the accuracy standard of the machine.，and will process the qualified part, it has improved the performance of the lathe greatly, it’s a beneficial try.
Keywords：CA6163;lathe ; Remake ; CNC system ; One-chip computer.
目錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1數控機床的歷史和現狀 1
1.2數控機床的發展趨勢和研究方向 2
1.2.1高速度、高精度化 2
1.2.2多功能化 3
1.2.3智能化 4
1.2.4數控系統小型化 5
1.2.5數控編程自動化 5
1.2.6更高的可靠性 5
1.3床數控化改造的必要性 6
第二章 機床改造的任務及總體思想 8
2.1機床改造的總體任務 8
2.2運動系統方案確定 8
2.2.1伺服系統的選擇 8
2.2.2傳動方式的選擇 8
2.3數控系統軟硬件總體設計 9
2.4數控系統硬件結構 9
2.5數控系統軟件結構 10
第三章 進給伺服系統傳動計算 11
3.1確定系統脈沖當量 11
3.2切削力的確定 11
3.3計算進給牽引力 12
3.4計算最大動負載C 12
3.5傳動效率計算 13
3.6剛度計算 14
3.7進給伺服系統傳動計算 14
3.7.1確定傳動比 14
3.7.2齒輪參數的計算 14
3.8步進電機的計算和選用 15
3.8.1轉動慣量的計算 15
3.8.2電機力矩的計算 16
3.9步進電機的選擇 19
結論 20
參考文獻: 21
致謝 22
附錄：外文翻譯 23
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