后鋼板彈簧吊耳加工工藝及夾具設(shè)計論文
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- 后鋼板彈簧吊耳加工工藝及夾具設(shè)計摘 要
在夾具的設(shè)計過程中，最重要的主要是被加工零件的定位、夾緊等問題。這是設(shè)計工程師必須考慮到的問題，如果夾具出現(xiàn)任何的小問題，必將影響被加工零件的加工精度，從而破壞零件的精密性。而在夾具的設(shè)計過程中，容易出現(xiàn)的有設(shè)計端面夾具時的清根問題，特別是在設(shè)計端面和內(nèi)孔夾具時。如果零件定位內(nèi)孔孔口倒角較小或者沒有倒角，就必須清根，相反，若零件定位內(nèi)孔孔口倒角較大或者是空位，就不需要清根。在設(shè)計圓盤類刀具加工夾具時，還存在讓刀的問題，在設(shè)計這類夾具時，要考慮銑刀或砂輪完成切削或磨削后，銑刀或砂輪的退刀位置，而它的位置大小應(yīng)根據(jù)所使用的銑刀或砂輪的直徑大小，留出超過刀具半徑尺寸的位置即可。而為了提高夾具的利用率，一般把夾具設(shè)計成幾個零件的通用型夾具。
隨著機械工業(yè)的高速發(fā)展，我國現(xiàn)在需要大力發(fā)展高精密的機械設(shè)備儀器，特別是像對于后鋼板彈簧吊耳這類非規(guī)則類零件的加工，以及加工它所需的設(shè)備夾具等，市場上還需要更多精密、成本低和通用型的組合夾具。
關(guān)鍵詞：后鋼板彈簧吊耳，專用夾具，加工工藝
ABSTRACT
In the design process of the fixture, the most important issues are the positioning and clamping of the machined parts. This is a problem that design engineers must consider. If any small problems occur in the fixture, it will affect the machining accuracy of the machined part, thus destroying the precision of the part. In the design process of the fixture, it is easy to have the problem of clearing the root when designing the end face fixture, especially when designing the end face and the inner hole clamp. If the chamfering of the inner hole of the part positioning is small or there is no chamfering, the root must be cleared. On the contrary, if the chamfering of the inner hole is large or empty, the rooting is not required. When designing a disc-type tooling fixture, there is also the problem of the knife. When designing such a fixture, consider the position of the cutter or the retracting of the grinding wheel after the milling or grinding wheel is finished cutting or grinding, and its position. The size should be based on the diameter of the milling cutter or grinding wheel used, leaving a position beyond the tool radius. In order to improve the utilization of the fixture, the fixture is generally designed as a universal fixture of several parts.
With the rapid development of the machinery industry, China now needs to vigorously develop high-precision mechanical equipment, especially for the processing of irregular parts such as rear leaf spring lifting lugs, and the equipment fixtures needed to process it. There is also a need for more sophisticated, low cost and versatile combination fixtures.
Key words: rear leaf spring lifting lug, special fixture, processing technology
目 錄
1 緒論---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
2 后鋼板彈簧吊耳加工工藝流程設(shè)計------------------------------------------------2
2.1 零件分析----------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
2.2定位基準的選擇----------------------------------------------------------------------5
2.3制定工藝路線-------------------------------------------------------------------------6
2.4確定工序尺寸及加工余量----------------------------------------------------------7
2.5確定切削用量及基本工時-----------------------------------------------------------8
3銑削后鋼板彈簧吊耳內(nèi)側(cè)面的夾具設(shè)計------------------------------------------19
3.1粗銑后鋼板彈簧吊耳內(nèi)側(cè)面的夾具設(shè)計--------------------------------------------19
3.2定位基準的選擇以及定位方案的分析-----------------------------------------------19
3.3夾緊力和銑削力的計算-----------------------------------------------------------------20
3.4定向鍵裝置的設(shè)計-----------------------------------------------------------------------20
3.5夾具裝置的設(shè)計及夾緊力的計算-----------------------------------------------------21
3.6夾具裝置的簡要說明--------------------------------------------------------------------22
3.7夾具裝置的安全性分析-----------------------------------------------------------------22
3.8銑內(nèi)側(cè)面夾具的三維建模--------------------------------------------------------------22
4加工φ30mm孔的夾具設(shè)計--------------------------------------------------------------24
4.1加工φ30mm孔的夾具設(shè)計-------------------------------------------------------------24
4.2定位基準的選擇以及定位方案的分析-----------------------------------------------24
4.3夾緊力和銑削力的計算-----------------------------------------------------------------25
4.4鉆套、襯套及夾具體的設(shè)計-----------------------------------------------------------25
4.5夾具的精度分析--------------------------------------------------------------------------26
4.6夾具裝置的簡要說明--------------------------------------------------------------------27
4.7夾具裝置的安全性分析-----------------------------------------------------------------27
5加工φ10.5mm孔的夾具設(shè)計----------------------------------------------------------------28
5.1加工φ10.5mm孔的夾具設(shè)計----------------------------------------------------------28
5.2定位基準的選擇以及定位方案的分析-----------------------------------------------28
5.3夾緊力和銑削力的計算-----------------------------------------------------------------29
5.4定位元件的設(shè)計--------------------------------------------------------------------------29
5.5鉆套、夾具體的設(shè)計--------------------------------------------------------------------30
5.6夾具的精度分析--------------------------------------------------------------------------31
5.7夾具裝置的簡要說明--------------------------------------------------------------------31
5.8夾具裝置的安全性分析-----------------------------------------------------------------31
6有限元分析-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32
6.1有限元分析概述--------------------------------------------------------------------------32
6.2支承釘?shù)挠邢拊治?-------------------------------------------------------------------32
7機械加工工藝的影響因素----------------------------------------------------------36
7.1機械加工工藝危險因素分析和控制-----------------------------------------------------36
7.2機械加工工藝的經(jīng)濟性分析----------------------------------------------------36
8結(jié)論------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------37
參考文獻--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------38
致謝---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------39
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